India is a sub-continent extending 3220 kms from north to south and 2930 kms from west to east,within an area of about 3.28 million square kms.It has a land frontier of over 15,260 kms and a coastline of about 6100 kms.
Geographically the country can be roughly divided into four main regions.To the north is the region in the shadow of the Himalayan mountain ranges.Then comes the indo-gangetic plain.The third region,the Deccan is the peninsular plateau and finally fourth is the coastal area.
Indian Climate:
The climate in india is as varied as any of the major continents.There are parts of the country which are extremely dry and others which are humid.There are cold winters of himlayas contrasting with the equatorial heat of some parts of the country and the desert heat of others.The rains known as the monsoons sweep the country during months of june to september,but the intensity of rains varies from region to region.The south eastern part of the country gets its monsoon in the months of october and november.
Indian Constitution:
India became an independent nation in 1947 and a republic in 1950 with a parlimentary form of democratic government,elected on the basis of universal adult franchise.It is a secular state and the world's largest democracy.The indian constitution (adopted on January 26th,1950) embodies the resolve to secure for all citizens Justice(social,economic and political),Liberty(of thought,expression, belief,faith and worship) and Equality(of status and opportunity).
National Symbols:
The national flag of india is a horizontal tricolour divided in equal proportion into three horizontal bands with deep saffron(orange) at the top,white in the middle and dark green at the bottom.In the centre of the white band is a wheel in navy blue which is a replica of the wheel of law from the lion capital erected by emperor Ashoka at Sarnath in the 3rd cemtury B.C.The national emblem of india is an adaptation of this same lion capital with the words,Satyameva Jayate(meaning truth alone triumphs) inscribed in the devangari script below the emblem.The national anthem,Jana-gana-mana,was composed by Nobel laureate poet Rabindranath Tagore and the national song, Vande Mataram,by Bankim Chandra Chaterjee.Tiger is the national animal of india and peacock the national bird.
